💊 Vonavir (Efavirenz + Emtricitabine + Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Tablets)

📌 What Is Vonavir?

• Vonavir is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medicine for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

• Manufactured by Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

• Each tablet contains:

  • Efavirenz – 600 mg

  • Emtricitabine – 200 mg

  • Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) – 300 mg

• Belongs to the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) class.

💊 Pharmacological Action

1. Efavirenz (NNRTI – Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor):

• Binds directly to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase enzyme.

• Causes conformational changes → blocks viral RNA-dependent and DNA-dependent polymerase activities.

• Prevents conversion of viral RNA into DNA.

2. Emtricitabine (NRTI – Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor):

• A cytidine analogue.

• Gets phosphorylated inside cells → active triphosphate form.

• Competes with natural nucleosides → leads to premature termination of viral DNA chain.

3. Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (NRTI – Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor):

• Prodrug of Tenofovir.

• Converts into Tenofovir diphosphate → competes with natural nucleotides.

• Incorporation into viral DNA causes chain termination.

🔬 Combination Effect: Efavirenz + Emtricitabine + Tenofovir → acts at different sites of reverse transcriptase → provides potent suppression of HIV replication and reduces resistance development.

🩺 How To Take Vonavir?

• Standard Dose: One tablet once daily at bedtime (to reduce CNS side effects).

• With or Without Food: Preferably taken on an empty stomach for best absorption.

• Must be taken at the same time every day.

• Do not stop unless prescribed by a doctor.

🌟 Benefits Of Vonavir

• ✔️ Triple combination in a single tablet → easy compliance.

• ✔️ Recommended by WHO as part of first-line therapy in many HIV patients.

• ✔️ Strong viral load suppression and increases CD4 cell count.

• ✔️ Reduces the risk of HIV transmission when taken properly.

• ✔️ Widely used and clinically effective.

⚠️ Possible Side Effects

• Common: Dizziness, abnormal dreams, insomnia, rash, headache, diarrhea, fatigue.

• Efavirenz-specific: CNS symptoms (confusion, vivid dreams, mood changes).

• Tenofovir-related: Kidney issues, decrease in bone mineral density.

• Emtricitabine-related: Hyperpigmentation of palms/soles (rare).

• Serious (rare): Lactic acidosis, liver toxicity, severe depression.

🧾 Safety Advice

• 🚫 Avoid alcohol (worsens liver side effects).

• ⚠️ Use with caution in patients with liver or kidney problems.

• 🚫 Not recommended during pregnancy unless prescribed by a doctor.

• ⚠️ Interacts with some TB drugs (Rifampicin) and antifungals.

• ✅ Regular monitoring of viral load, CD4 count, liver & kidney function is required.

❓ FAQs

1. What is Vonavir used for?
➡️ For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents.

2. Can Vonavir cure HIV?
➡️ No. It controls HIV infection but does not cure it. Continuous therapy is required.

3. When should I take Vonavir?
➡️ Once daily, preferably at bedtime on an empty stomach.

4. Is Vonavir safe with TB treatment?
➡️ Some drug interactions occur. Dose adjustment may be needed → consult your doctor.

5. Can I stop Vonavir if my viral load is low?
➡️ No. Stopping suddenly can lead to drug resistance and treatment failure.

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